Analysis of Digital Fortress novel by Dan Brown

Summary
NSA (National Security Agency) is an American secret agency. The function is checking all of the information in around the world and spying the information which contain of terrorism and any other dangerous information especially which threaten the security stability of the United States using a very high technology machine named TRANSLTR. NSA hiring smart people who expert in the cryptography field from over the world to be the cryptographer there. Their works is breaking the code and translate them into the easily understandable information because usually the secret dangerous information is made in the complicated language code. One day, there was strange information called Digital Fortress which has been entered in the TRANSLTR. The maximum time for TRANSLTR to read the most complicated information is two hours, but the Digital Fortress has already inside the TRANSLTR for more than twelve hours and TRANSLTR still could not read it. Then Commander Trevor Strathmore, NSA Deputy Director of Operations, called in Susan Fletcher, the NSA's Head Cryptographer, to find out the problem. Then Fletcher discovered that it was written by Ensei Tankado, a former NSA employee who became displeased with the NSA's intrusion into people's private lives. Tankado intends to auction the code on his website and have his partner, "NDAKOTA", release it for free if he dies. Essentially holding the NSA hostage, the agency is determined to stop Digital Fortress from becoming a threat to national security.
Tankado suddenly died in Seville, Spain. His cause of death was allegedly due to a heart attack. Then Strathmore asked David Becker (Fletcher’s fiancé) to go to Seville and find out if there were any clues which brought by Tankado to break the Digital Fortress. Then Becker knew that Tankado wore a ring which there was a writing on it before he died and the ring was gone when Becker check out Tankado’s dead body. Strathmore said that writing was the clue which he searched to breaking the Digital Fortress. Immediately Becker started to find out where the ring was and he must go through in a long journey, difficult struggle, and some dangerous situations to get the ring. The dangerous situations were when all the people who ever owned the ring were killed by an assassin named Hulohot who has sent by someone to search the Tankado’s ring and when Becker finally met Hulohot and then Hulohot tried to kill Becker because he knew if Becker already got the ring.
Meanwhile, in the NSA office, the situation was getting warm. Fletcher was found that NDAKOTA, the Tankado’s partner, is Greg Hale, one of the NSA’s cryptographers. She knew about that when she not deliberately opened Hale’s computer and read his messages. She opened Hale’s computer because she knew if Hale has already thwart her searching process in her computer to find out about NDAKOTA, but Hale said if that messages were copied from the Strathmore’s email. Suddenly Phil Chartrukian, the Sys-Sec (name of the chamber in the NSA office where the cryptographers work in) technician who is unaware of the Digital Fortress code breaking failure and believes Digital Fortress to be a virus, conducts his own investigation into the TRANSLTR whether Strathmore allowed Digital Fortress to bypass Gauntlet (NSA's virus/worm filter). Then he was found murdered in the sub-levels of TRANSLTR. Hale said if he saw Strathmore killed, but Strathmore said if truly Hale was the murder of Chartrukian. Then Hale hostage Fletcher because Strathmore threaten him if he will report him to the police as a murder. Unfortunately, Hale kicked by Strathmore’s gun because he threatens if he will tell all the NSA’s secrets to the public.
Later, Fletcher knew that Strathmore was a person who sent an assassin, Hulohot, to kill the people who owned Tankado’s ring included Becker, her fiancé. Later she also believed that Strathmore was a person who killed Chartrukian because he didn’t want anyone thwart his ambition in breaking the Digital Fortress. Strathmore was very ambitious in breaking the Digital Fortress because he was planning to sell the data to the biggest digital company in Japan. Then TRANSLTR is blown up because of overheating, working too long in reading the Digital Fortress, and Strathmore was burned in with it. Fletcher escape from it because she succeeded ran away with a private lift in Strathmore’s office which brought her to the main office building, few kilometers far away from her office building. Then Jabba, NSA's Senior System Security Officer, told her that Digital Fortress was a virus which eating the data bank of NSA security system gate and if the gate gone, all of the secret information that NSA has can be access by every people in the world who have modem.
Finally Hulohot dead, fell down from the tower when he was in fighting with Becker and Becker can save the ring and telling the writing on the Tankado’s ring to the people who has been waiting him in NSA. Unfortunately, the writing was not the code to breaking the Digital Fortress. Then Becker and Fletcher finally realize if the breaking code was not the ring. The breaking code was the amount of Tankado’s fingers in his each hand which is three, because he held up one of his hand to the top before he died. Finally the Digital Fortress can be destroyed.


1. Character
Actually, this novel has more than fifteen characters, but I only mention eight of them because the rest are just the cameo. The eight characters that I mention are Susan Fletcher (the NSA’s Head Cryptographer), David Becker (a university professor on languages and Fletcher’s fiancé), Commander Trevor Strathmore (NSA Deputy Director of Operations), Ensei Tankado (a disgruntled former NSA employee), Hulohot (an assassin sent to Spain after David Becker), Phil Chartrukian (Sys-Sec Technician), Greg Hale (NSA cryptographer) and Jabba (NSA’s Senior System Security Officer). First character is Susan Fletcher. She is a very smart girl with 170 IQ. Her ingenuity is proved when she successfully got her doctorate in age 28 and became a cryptographer in NSA not long after that. She is also an assertive, independent, and a loyal woman. One of the evidence of her assertiveness is when she obviously refused all of Hale’s flattery to have a dating with him. She is an independent woman because she can live alone without family and earn her own money. Her loyalty is proved with keep all the NSA secrets and didn’t tell to anyone even though to her fiancé. Second character is David Becker. He is a responsible and honest man. His responsibility is proved when he did all what Strathmore asked to him and finished them. His honesty is proved when NSA asked his help to translate a code in Chinese language and then it also asked him to translate the code randomly in order to keep the secrecy of the code, because he is not allowed to know the meaning of the code. He is also not allowed to tell anyone that he ever been work for NSA to translate a secret code. Becker obeyed all the rules and didn’t tell to anyone about what he had done with NSA. Third character is Commander Trevor Strathmore. He is a very ambitious man. He will do anything to get all what he wants. The example of his ambitiousness is when he killed Phil Chartrukian and Greg Hale who rebbel him in order to keep the TRANSLTR running and can keep working to read the Digital Fortress. Fourth character is Ensei Tankado. He is a man who has strong principles and will keep the principles with all efforts that he can do. It proved when he thought that NSA had violated the people’s privacy with its TRANSLTR, and then decided to resign from NSA. Fifth character is Hulohot. He is very mean and cruel assassin, but he is loyal to his boss. He will kill all the people who prevent him to do what has been ordered to him. It proved when he killed all the people who ever owned Tankado’s ring and do as hard as he can to kill Becker and take the ring from him. Sixth character is Phil Chartrukian. He is a very curious and spontaneous man. It proved when he spontaneously went to the sub-levels of TRANSLTR in order to shutdown that machine manually because he knew that Digital Fortress is a virus and it never can be read by TRANSLTR. That machine also can be exploded because of overheating, continuously push to work to read the Digital Fortress. Seventh character is Greg Hale. He is a very talented seducer man, but sissy. He never gives up flattering Fletcher so that she would have a date with him. He is very sissy when he was afraid to be accused as Chartrukian murder and decided to hostage Fletcher. Eighth character is Jabba. He is so careful in doing anything. He will not decide to do something before him sure that he is allowed to do that thing. It proved when he found a problem with TRANSLTR he didn’t go to check out the TRANSLTR directly because Strathmore is not allowed him to check out the machine.


2. Characterization
In this novel the writer, Dan Brown, use indirect way of characterization in describing each character. It means that Brown describes each character through the other characters like through the dialogue, comment, what is done by the character, and the like. One of the ways that Dan Brown has used in describing the characterization of Commander Trevor Strathmore is through what he has done like when he killed Chartrukian with pushed him in the sub-levels, when he finally proved has sent an assassin named Hulohot in Spain to kill David Becker and when he proved masquerade as NDAKOTA. That all show or describe that Strathmore is a very ambitious person. There is no word for failure in his dictionary of life. He will do anything to realize all what he want. He will eliminate all the things that prevent him to get what he wants. One of the ways that Dan Brown has used in describing the characterization of Susan Fletcher is through the dialogue like a piece dialogue in the chapter 11, ‘You are on my team, aren’t you?’ Strathmore asked. Susan smiled. ‘Yes, sir, I am. One hundred percent.’ One of the dialogues between Strathmore and Fletcher that I have typed before shows or describe that Fletcher is a loyal person. She is loyal with his job and also with his boss with obeys what his boss said and ordered to her.


3. Setting
There are three kinds of setting; physical, social, and spiritual. Physical setting is divided in two which are place and time. In this novel the setting of place were in Maryland, United States of America and in Seville, Spain. The setting of time was on a whole day, from the morning until the night. The social setting of the story in this novel is the relationship condition between the characters. Almost all of the characters have not good relationship each other because their relationship has flavored with ambition, selfishness, and suspicion. Otherwise, there were some people who still have good relationship each other like Susan Fletcher with David Becker, Chartrukian with Susan Fletcher, and Jabba with Susan Fletcher. These good relationships are built because of the feeling of love and sense of solidarity among coworkers. So there were a bad and a good relationship condition between the characters in this novel. Actually, this novel has less spiritual setting, but the most obvious spiritual setting is seen when David Becker almost died killed by Hulohot in Spain. In that time, Becker felt that his life will end because he already exhausted and desperate in fighting and ran away from Hulohot. Then he pray to God to be given the last power to fight Hulohot until he gave up tried to kill Becker, save the Tankado’s ring and gave the ring to Strathmore and Susan. Then God answered Becker’s pray. Hulohot died, fall down due to slip from the tower when he tried to kill Becker and grab the Tankado’s ring from him.


4. Point of view
According to me, this novel has an objective point of view. With the objective point of view, the writer tells what happens without stating more than can be inferred from the story's action and dialogue. The writer is unnamed or unidentified, remaining a detached observer. The writer never discloses anything about what the characters think or feel. The writer also does not assume the character's perspective and the writer is not a character in the story. The writer just reports on events and lets the reader supply the meaning.


5. Figurative Language
There are three figurative languages in this novel; hyperbole, irony, and paradox. First figurative language is hyperbole. The characters often used this kind of figurative language to reveal some expression when they find something irrational or when they have to do additional work at the wrong time. The example is in chapter 3 when Susan Fletcher muttering to herself when she repeated the entire procedure at an equally imposing electrified fence to entering the NSA building area. She said in her mind, Come on, guys... I’ve only been through here a million times. Then also in chapter 3 when Strathmore ordered her to come to the office on Saturday morning, a time when she supposed to enjoy her free day, Susan said in her mind, Twenty-six thousand employees and a twelve-billion-dollar budget; you’d think they could make it through the weekend without me. The sentences I’ve only been through here a million times and you’d think they could make it through the weekend without me are hyperbole expression. Second figurative language is irony, like in the chapter 36, 80, and 82. Greg Hale tapped and copied Strathmore’s email and found that Strathmore is NDAKOTA, but when Susan read that email which listed belong to NDAKOTA in the Hale’s computer, she thought that NDAKOTA is Greg Hale. Then when Hale saw that Strathmore pushed Carthrukian in the sub-levels and made him died, Susan thought if Hale was killed Chartrukian because Susan just saw Chartrukian’s dead body and Hale who stood near it. That were irony because Hale is accused of acts that he did not do and Susan didn’t trust to him although he already telling the truth to Susan. Third figurative language is paradox. Paradox can be found when Strathmore fast to his faith if Digital Fortress is really a special tracker system and can be read by TRANSLTR, but the fact proved if Digital Fortress is a virus which eating the security system gate of NSA data bank.


6. Trait
Traits are characteristics which every character have them, and every character usually have different characteristics with others. Trait is divided into four. There are biological trait, physical trait, natural trait, emotional trait, and deliberative trait. Susan Fletcher; the biological trait is a woman, the physical traits are slim and tall, the natural traits are assertive, independent, and loyal, the emotional trait is suspicious, and the deliberative trait is good listener. Fletcher’s natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are proved when she refuse a dating invitation from Hale, become the head of NSA’s cryptographer, obeyed all what his boss ordered to her, accusing Hale as NDAKOTA and Chartrukian murder and didn’t want to trust all the Hale’s explanation, and always listening the Becker’s stories about his life when they have the time to get together. David Becker; the biological trait is a man, the physical traits are slim and athletic, the natural traits are responsible and honest, the emotional trait is low-temper, and the deliberative trait is good listener. Becker’s natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are proved when he did all what Strathmore have asked to him with went to Spain to search the clues to break the Digital Fortress, didn’t kill Hulohot although several times he tried to kill Becker, and always listening other people’s suggestions. Commander Trevor Strathmore; the biological trait is a man, the physical traits are quite big and tall, the natural traits are ambitious, the emotional trait is low temper, and the deliberative trait is good counselor. Strathmore’s natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are proved when he really ambitious to keep the TRANSLTR working in more than twelve hours although he knew that will cause dangerous impact, always keep his emotion stable and calm, and always gives advices and examples about how to be good leader to his subordinates. Ensei Tankado; the biological trait is a man, the physical traits are short and just have three fingers in each hand, the natural traits is idealist, and the emotional trait is high-temper. Tankado’s natural and emotional traits are proved when he decided to resign from NSA because he thought NSA project which is tap all of the communication systems in around the world is violate the human right and immediately made the Digital Fortress program to ruin the TRANSLTR machine. Hulohot; the biological trait is a man, the physical traits are slim and quite tall, the natural traits are mean and cruel, and the emotional trait is high-temper. Hulohot’s natural and emotional traits are proved when he killed some innocent people who ever own Tankado’s ring, tried to kill Becker but failed, instead killed by his own fault. Phil Chartrukian; the biological trait is a man, the natural traits are curious and spontaneous, the emotional trait is impatient, and the deliberative trait is communicative. Chartrukian’s natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are proved when he bravely went to the sub-levels of TRANSLTR to shutdown that machine manually without Strathmore’s permission. He already asked Strathmore’s permission to shutdown that machine, but Strathmore has refused it. Greg Hale; the biological trait is a man, the physical traits are athletic and gallant, the natural traits are great seducer but sissy, the emotional trait is impatient, and the deliberative trait is communicative. Hale’s natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are proved when he always attracting Susan’s attention, and made Susan as a hostage because he was accused as NDAKOTA and Chartrukian’s murder and threatened to be in prison. Jabba; the biological trait is a man, the physical traits are short and fat, the natural traits is careful, the emotional trait is patient, and the deliberative trait is wise. Jabba’s natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are proved when he always careful in doing his job, didn’t want to broke the rules which were exist in NSA, and commit with his responsible as the senior system security officer in NSA.


7. Plot
NSA (National Security Agency), an U.S secret agency which function is tapping all of the communication systems in the world in order to keep the security stability especially in the U.S. Susan Fletcher, the Head of NSA’s Cryptographer, has ordered by Strathmore, NSA Deputy Director of Operations, to find out Ensei Tankado, an ex. NSA cryptographer who sent a dangerous system code named Digital Fortress to the TRANSLTR (a machine which functions read and filter the information from around the world) in order to realize his dream about the people’s privacy right. Later Digital Fortress is known as a virus which can destroy the defense system of NSA data banks, but Strathmore didn’t trust if that was a virus. He keeps the TRANSLTR running to read Digital Fortress in more than twelve hours. He also sent a languages professor, David Becker, and an assassin, Hulohot, to Spain to search Tankado and the clues to breaking the Digital Fortress. The clue was found. That was Tankado’s ring, which had move to some people but then Becker can get it. Hulohot killed the people who ever owned the ring and also tried to kill Becker because he also wanted to get the ring. Accidentally Hulohot died. TRANSLTR is exploded because of overheating, and Strathmore also burned together with that most valuable machine. Finally Becker, Susan, and Jabba (NSA’s Senior System Security Officer) found that the password to destroy Digital Fortress is not in there ring. The real password is the amount of Tankado’s fingers in his each hand. Fortunately they can destroy the Digital Fortress and save the NSA data bank.


8. Atmosphere
According to me, the atmosphere of the story in this novel is suspense because the story line is pleasurable excited and it can make the reader always be anticipated regarding to the outcome of the story which is the ending. The story is unpredictable and makes the reader surprise when the prediction is missed from what this novel gives. The most unpredictable story is the fact that Digital Fortress is a virus.


9. Theme
According to me, the theme of the story is national security versus a right of individual’s privacy. In this story, a country has tapping all of the communication system in the world with a reason to protect or keep its national stability from any dangerous disturbances. That thing is obviously has already violated the human’s right which is a right of individual’s privacy, because every people in this world have a right to get their privacy and it is not allowed to share with another people.

(Saturday, July 3rd, 2010)

Analysis of Turkeys Turning Table short story by William D. Howells

1. Summary of the Short Story
There is Papa who was telling a story, on Christmas morning, to his little girl (daughter) about turkey ghosts which were haunted a family. Papa began the story with telling the background why these turkey ghosts haunted that family. As the tradition in Christmas and Thanksgiving days, every family is get together in a gathering event and enjoyed the main menu which is turkey. Year by year, a lot of turkeys have been killed and were eaten by humans. Then all the turkeys which have been killed and eaten by the humans were become ghost and planned to avenge their revenge to the humans. One day there was an extended family which consist of grandfather, grandmother, aunties or mamas, papas the aunties husbands, little girls, and little boys, who where gathered together to celebrate Thanksgiving day. The grandmother and aunties were bought a first premium turkey at the county fair which the weigh is about twenty pounds. Then they cooked and prepared the turkey to the dining table as a main menu to be eaten together for the Thanksgiving peak ritual event. After everybody finished the dinner they were fast asleep, but there was one little girl who almost fall asleep but didn’t sleep yet. Then vaguely she saw a large bronze-colored shadow which was turkey gobbler’s ghost. This turkey wear a red pasteboard placard round its neck with FIRST PREMIUM printed on it. The little girl quickly realized that this turkey ghost was a ghost of the turkey which had been eaten by her and her family at the dinner few hours ago. Suddenly her cousins, the other little girls and one little boy who was her brother, awakened from their sleep because they also aware of the arrival of the first premium ghost. When they were decided to run out from their room together, the first premium ghost was gained, gained, and gained and changed become turkey chicks or chick-chickledren, blockaded their way. Then the turkeys said that they will avenge their revenge to the humans because the humans like to eat them all this time. Now they will eat the humans. Then the little girl made a promise to the turkeys that they (the humans) will not have the turkeys to eat again especially at the Christmas and Thanksgiving days. Then after the ghosts gone, the children said to adult people that they should not have eat turkeys again especially at the Christmas and Thanksgiving. They will have oyster soup, cranberry sauce, mashed potatoes, Hubbard squash, celery, turnip, cauliflower, mince-pie, pandowdy, plum-pudding, fruits, and frosted cakes to eat instead. The adult people thought that there was fair enough and after that, every Christmas and Thanksgiving days, they changed turkey with the menus above.

2. Character
This short story has twelve characters. They are Papa, little girl, grandfather in the story, grandmother in the story, aunties or mamas in the story, papas in the story, little girls in the story, little boy in the story, the turkey gobbler’s ghost or first premium, and chick-chickledren. First character is Papa. Papa is an assertive person but always loving his daughter, the little girl. He patiently did the story telling for the little girl. The assertiveness is proved when Papa told to his little girl not to interrupt his story. Second character is little girl. She is quite talkative and has a high curiosity. Sometimes she interrupted her Papa’s story with some detail questions or statements. Third character is grandfather in the story. He is a good story teller. He told a story about turkey gobbler and made his sons, the papas, very excited to hear the story more completely. Fourth character is grandmother in the story. She is a good mother for his children and good wife for his husband. She always doing all the housework perfectly to make her children, grandchildren, and relatives comfort to stay in her and her husband house. Fifth character is aunties or mamas in the story. They are also good mothers for their children, good wife for their husbands, and good children for their parents, but they have more mature behavior than papas. It proved when they are always ready to help the grandmother to prepare the Thanksgiving dinner and said to papas that they acted like silly boys when papas persuade grandfather to tell them a story about turkey gobbler. Sixth character is papas. They were little bit childish when they gathered together with their father. That seemed like they felt flashback to a moment when they were child. Seventh character is little girls in the story. Some of them were brave, but the rest were sissy. Eighth character is little boy in the story. He is a brave boy because he bravely persuaded the little girls to run out from the bedroom when the turkey gobbler’s ghost came. Ninth character is the turkey gobbler’s ghost or first premium. He is a wise turkey because he chose to make a deal with the little girl in the story that the humans are prohibited to eat turkey again instead of continued the turkey’s clan revenge to the human. Tenth character is the turkey chicks or chick-chickledren. They were all spoiled, egoist, and mean. They were hate become ghosts and really want to eat the humans for their revenge.

3. Characterization
In this short story the writer, William D. Howells, use indirect way of characterization in describing each character. It means that Howells describes each character through the other characters like through the dialogue, comment, what is done by the character, and the like. For the example, Howells describe the characterization of the little girl through the dialogues which were she said. When the little girl asked her Papa, “Is it going to be a dream? How can it be a dream than?”, it shows or describe that this little girl has a big curiosity about what was happened with the people in the story which her Papa was telling to her. She wanted to make sure if her Papa didn’t make any mistake in telling the story.

4. Setting
There are three kinds of setting; physical, social, and spiritual. Physical setting is divided in two which are place and time. In this short story the setting of place was in a house, a family house. The setting of time was on Christmas morning. The social setting in the story that Papa told to his little girl is there was a good relationship between the extended family with their neighbors in the neighborhood around their house. In the beginning of the Papa’s story, Papa told that all the relations in the neighborhood of that extended family had come to dinner in the Thanksgiving. It showed that the extended family is open to their social environment. The spiritual setting was available in the story when the little girls and boy in the Papa’s story feel frightened when they met the turkey ghosts. There was a struggle in the children’s self between face the truth and search the solution or consider that thing as a dream and then forget it. Finally they can face the truth that they were facing ghosts which would have revenge to them and found the solution to make peace with the ghosts.

5. Point of view
According to me, this short story has an objective point of view because the writer is unnamed or unidentified (a detached observer). The writer does not assume character's perspective and is not a character in the story. The writer just reports on events and lets the reader supply the meaning.

6. Figurative Language
There are two figurative languages in this short story; hyperbole and irony. First is hyperbole. The little girl used this figurative language to complain her Papa when he mentioned a lot of kinds of food in his story. The dialogue is: “Don’t mix them all up so!” pleaded the little girl. “It’s perfectly confusing. I can’t hardly tell what they had now.” The hyperbole is contained in the words ‘perfectly confusing’. Second is irony. The turkey chicks or chick-chickledren ghosts used this figurative language when they talk and act imitated the children’s behavior when they started to eat turkey. The part of story is: They acted perfectly ridiculous, and one little brat of a spiteful little chick piped out, “I speak for a drumstick, ma!” and then they all began, “I want a wing, ma!” and “I’m going to have the wish-bone!” This part is irony because the turkey chicks or chick-chickledren show off a moment when they were eaten by the humans. This is very sad.

7. Trait
Trait is divided into four. There are biological trait, physical trait, natural trait, emotional trait, and deliberative trait. Papa; the biological trait is a man, the natural traits are patient and assertive, the emotional trait is low-temper, and the deliberative trait is wise. Papa’s natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are proved when he advice the little girl not to interrupt his story and when he accepted the little girl idea to equalize the little girl appearance in Papa’s story with her appearance. The papa’s physical trait is not mentioned in the short story. Little girl; the biological trait is a girl, the physical traits are pretty, had red eyes, blue cheeks, and straight hair, the natural trait is impatient, the emotional trait is high temper, and the deliberative trait is communicative. All the little girl’s trait are mentioned through Papa’s story when he equalize the little girl appearance in Papa’s story with her appearance, when few times she interrupt Papa’s story, when she cried in the end of the story, and when few times she told her perspective about Papa’s story. Grandparents in the story; the biological traits are men and woman, the physical trait is old, the natural trait is mature, the emotional trait is patient, and the deliberative trait is wise. Their natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are indescribable in how they really exited and happy accept their neighbors and children come to their house to celebrate the Thanksgiving. Papas and mamas in the story; the biological traits are men and woman, the natural trait is amiable, the emotional trait is low-temper, and the deliberative trait is good listeners. Their natural, emotional, and deliberative traits are showed in the story when they are very cheerful to celebrate the Thanksgiving in their parents’ house with their children and when they looked exited in listening their father’s story about the turkey. The papas and mamas physical traits are not mentioned in the short story. Little children in the story; the biological traits are male and female, the physical trait is young, the natural and emotional trait is labile, and the deliberative trait is wise. They were labile because they still easily getting panic in facing some situation, but they were wise enough in make the problem solving for the problem between the turkeys and humans. Turkeys; the biological traits are male and female, the physical traits are large or small with bronze-colored, the natural trait is mean, and the emotional trait is easily getting angry. They were mean because they planned to eat the humans for avenge their revenge to the humans and they were easily getting angry because they kept their hatred to the humans for a long time.

8. Plot
Papa told a story to his little girl about turkey ghosts. The ghosts were haunted a family which was held a Thanksgiving gathering party in the grandparents’ house, but just the little children who saw the turkey ghosts. The ghosts wanted to avenge their revenge to the human with eat them because from long time ago the humans continuously consume or eat them. Fortunately their scheming can be thwarted because on of the children, a little girl help them to make an agreement with another humans to change the turkey’s menu especially in Christmas and Thanksgiving with some seafood, fruits, vegetables, and cakes. Actually, that little girl wasn’t met the turkey ghosts, but she was trance by the turkey ghosts. After that, every Christmas and Thanksgiving, people didn’t eat turkey’s meal again and changed with some substitute menus above.

9. Atmosphere
According to me, atmosphere of this short story is thriller because there are a lot of frightened parts in this story. The most frightened part of this short story is the ending when Papa said to the little girl that actually the little girl in the story was not dream, but she was trance by the turkey ghosts.

10. Theme
According to me, the theme of this short story is keep the preservation of all the God’s creature to keep the balancing of the life in this earth. This theme is obviously contained in the part when the turkey ghosts wanted to eat the little children for avenge their revenge to the human, because the human make them as their food. This short story also tried to deliver a message for the people to use and consume the natural resources wisely, so that their off spring in the future could know, use, and consume the natural resources too.

(Wednesday, March 24th, 2010 at 05:43 am)